Chapter : 2. Natural Vegetation & Wild Life
Montane & Mangrove Forests
Montane Forests :
1. The wet temperature types of forests are found between a height of 1000 and 2000 metres.
2. Between 1500 and 3000 metres, temperate forest containing coniferous trees like pine, de order, silver, fir, spruce and cedar are found.
3. These forests cover mostly the southern slope of the Himalayas, places having high altitude in southern and north east India.
4. At high altitude (more than 3600 metres) above sea level, temperate forests and grass lands give way to the alpine vegetation.
5. Silver fir, Junipers, pines and birches are the common trees of these forests.
6. Alpine grassland are used extensively for grazing by nomadic tribes like Gurjars and Bakarwals.
7. The common animals found in these forest are Kashmir stag, spotted dear, wild sheep, jack rabbits Tibetan antelope, Yaks, now leopard, squirrels shaggy horn wild ibex, bear and red panda, sheep and goats with thick hair.
Mangrove Forests :
These are found in the coastal having accumulated mud and silt. Dense mangrove are the common varieties with roots of plants submerged under water. These forests are found in the deltas of Ganga, Mahanadi, Godavari and Kaveri.
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